John Thomson, of London, (1837-1921) is credited with taking the first photographs as social documentation. He was one of the first documentary photographers in London to create images of the poor and destitute. His images can be found in the Victoria & Albert Musuem. His work is also featured at the Wellcome Museum. Thomson spent a decade photographing the Far East from 1862-1872.
A Manchu bride. Photograph by John Thomson, Peking, 1871/1872.
- Woodburytype, by John Thomson.
- Jacob Riis, another social documentarian, arrived in the United States in 1870 from Denmark. He was a writer for the New York Tribune and the Evening Sun and began photographing New York City's tenements starting his work as a reformer. His book “How the Other Half Lives,” 1890, exposed the squalid living conditions of immigrants in New York City's Lower East Side.
- Bandits Roost, 1888, Jacob Riis
- Jacob Riis, Five Cents Lodging, Bayard Street, c. 1889
Lewis W. Hine (1874-1940), an American sociologist, worked as a photographer for the National Child Labor Committee. Hine was a reformer with aims to end child labor. In 1907 he began working with the National Child Labor Committee which started his long and determined life as a reformer. Many of his works can be found at the Library of Congress.
- Peace, an Ellis Island Madonna, 1905 Lewis Hine Black and white photographic print, 11.0"x9.0" Archives of American Art Elizabeth McCausland Papers, 1877-1960 Image No. AAA_mccaeliz_12579
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